CONTROVERSIAL CONTENTS AND CONTROL

2.6  Effect of controversial contents (PORNOGRAPHY and SLANDER) on society :
      Pornography
Pornography is any form of media or material (like books, video or photos) that show erotic behaviour and intended to cause sexual excitement. The effects of pornography on society are :

• Can lead to criminal acts such as exploitation of women.
• Can lead to sexual addiction.
• Can develop lower moral values towards other people.
• Can erode good religious, cultural, behaviours and beliefs.

        Slander
Slander is a false spoken statements about someone, intended to damage his or her reputation. The effects of slander on society are :

• Can develop society that disregards on honesty and truth
• Can lead to bad habits of spreading rumors and untruth
• Can cause people to have negative attitudes towards another person.

2.5 AUTHENTICATION technologies.

Authentication is a process where user verifies their identity. Authentication deals with the problem of determining whether a user should be allowed access to a particular system. Four commonly authentication methods:

a. User identification (something you know - have to remember). User identification is a unique combination of
character (letter, number or symbol) that identify specific user. Examples of user identification are pin number and password.

b. Possessed object (something you have - an object). A possessed object is any item that you must carry to gain access to computer or computer facility. Examples of possessed objects are ATM card, credit card, key,security token and smart card. The card you use in an automated teller machine (ATM) is a possessed object that allows access to your bank account. 

                              

c. Biometric device (something you are - part of user's body) is a devices that translates personal characteristic into digital code that is compared with the digital code stored in the database. E.g. of biometric devices are fingerprint reader, hand geometry reader, iris scanner, signature verification system. 

hand geometry reader

d. Callback system is a checking system that authenticates the user. The callback system is commonly used in the bank operation and business transaction. For example, when you called a McDonald Delivery Services, the operator will ask you to hang up since he wants to link you with the other worker.

Privacy

2.4 Ways for making personal data more private
  
1. Purchase goods with cash, rather than credit card.
2. Install personal firewall.
3. Clear your history file when you are finished browsing.
4. Have unlisted telephone number.
5. Fill in only necessary information on warranty and registration form.

2.3 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAWS

Intellectual Property laws cover ideas, inventions, literary creactions, unique names, business modals, industrials processes, computer program codes and many more.

Four types Intellectual property
a. Patents for inventions
b. Trademark for brand identity
c. Copyright for materials

Pekse

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1.3 USAGE of ICT IN EVERYDAY LIFE

EDUCATION

Today, most schools and higher educational institutions have computers in the classroom for teacher and students. In education, teachers, students, researchers and school administrators benefits from the usage of ICT.

1. Teachers use computers to research for teaching materials, participate in online forums and online conferences as well as to aid their teaching.

2. Students use the computers as a reference tool. They use computers to browse the Internet to look for information.

3. School administrators use computers for administrative purposes to make sure that the entire operation runs smoothly.

BANKING

The computer is the nerve centre of the banking system around the world. It functions to control the entire banking system that also includes 'Electronic Banking Services'. Electronic banking provides 24 hour services. The services include :

• Automated Teller Machine (ATM)

• Cheque Deposit

• Electronic Fund Tranfer

• Direct Deposit

• Pay by phone system

• Personal computer banking/ internet banking

In the banking sector, customers, businessman and bank administrator benefits from the usage of ICT.

1. Customers can make any transactions at the 24 hour service centres or via online.These services allow them to do transaction at anytime they want.

2. Businessmen can save their time by using the online services offered by banks. They can access company accounts for loan applications, business transactions and update on their cash flow at any time.

3. Bank administrators can oversee the entire banking activities such as reconciliations, inter-branch transactions (IBT), telegraphic

transfer and others by referring to the banking system.

INDUSTRY

Computers are used to facilitate production planning and control systems, to support chain management and to help in product design in the industrial sector In the industrial sector ,workers, researchers and administrator benefits from the usage of ICT.

1. Workers use machines that are connected to computers to operate. In some productions, robots are used to take over jobs that are dangerous to the workers.

2. Researchers use computers to analyze and collect research data for future reference.

3. Administrators use computers to oversee the entire operations in the plant or factory to detect specific errors or defects that occurred in the process.

E-COMMERCE

E-commerce helps in boosting the economy. It makes buying and selling activities easier, more efficient and faster. For this application, computers, Internet and shared software are needed.

In the e-commerce sector ,customers r, suppliers and employees benefits from the usage of ICT.

1. Customers use computers to be connected online with suppliers to purchase products. This method can save time and cost as they do not have to go to any outlets.

2. Suppliers use computers to keep track of their transactions. All products are bar coded and can be read by the computer scanner to help in determining prices and managing inventory.

4. Employees use computers and telephones to communicate with their customers for any enquiries. The system helps employees to get the latest updates on inventory to be informed to the customers.

OTHER SECTOR

1. Architectute
2. Arts
3. Career
4. Healthcare
5. Home